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生理学会大会 若手の会シンポジウム 指定討論者募集！
テーマ「生理学は心脳問題をいかにとらえるべきか？」
日時：2004年6月4日（金）8：30から11：00まで
会場：第81回日本生理学会大会会場内 http://www.81seiri.jp/
（札幌コンベンションセンター http://www.plaza-sapporo.or.jp/scc/
日本生理学会・若手の会では、本年の生理学会年次大会において、若手の会シンポジウム「生理学は心脳問題をいかにとらえるべきか？」を行い、生理学と心脳問題との関係を論じたいと考えています。今日、脳が意識を生み出す原理の解明に関心が集まっていますが、この問題に、生理学はどのように関わっていくことができるのか、実際的な内容や原理的な内容を含めて、話し合っていく予定です。
本シンポジウムでは、脳科学者の茂木健一郎さん、サイエンスライターの竹内薫さんのご講演の後に、総合討論を行います。議論に奥行きを加えるために、総合討論における指定討論者を公募したいと考えております。ご関心のある方は、ふるってご応募下さい。
応募資格は、生理学会員であるということのみです。身分その他は問いません。学部学生、大学院生の参加を歓迎いたします。現時点では生理学会員でなくても参加する方法はあります。詳しくは、tokunaga-ns@umin.ac.jpまで、お問い合わせ下さい。
人数は3〜7人を考えております。上限に達し次第、募集を締め切らせていただきます。
皆様のご応募を、お待ちしております。
※心脳問題談話会（茂木さん・竹内さんを囲む会）の参加者募集もご覧下さい。心脳問題談話会は、生理若手合宿の関連イベントです。生理若手合宿の参加募集もご覧下さい。
招待講演者
指定討論者応募先／問い合わせ先
- 日本生理学会・若手の会
- シンポジウム担当 徳永 太 tokunaga-ns@umin.ac.jp
参考
基調講演要旨
1．心脳問題のための「理論生理学」に向けて
Toward 'theoretical physiology' for the mind-brain problem
- Takashi Tokunaga
Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
The Young Physiologist Association of the Physiological Society of Japan
One of the main topics of science in this century will be the mind-brain problem: how does the brain generate the human mind? Today various kinds of scientists and scholars join the discussion on this issue. Physiology has played a vital role to investigate the functions of the central nervous system, so physiologists are expected to contribute to the solution of the mind-brain problem, too. I will suggest a physiological framework to deal the mind-brain problem. The mechanism that generates the human mind seems to be beyond our comprehension probably because we lack some crucial understanding about the mind or brain, which could be brought by an unexpected finding during the experiments. However, it would be possible that we might fail to pick up such a finding because we do not known what kind of facts seem to be important for the mind-brain problem. Indeed, we cannot deny the possibility that we actually lost such a fortune in the past history. The loss might be prevented by the 'theoretical physiology.' This new kind of physiology should be specialized to focus on reviewing the meaning of experimental findings, developing innovative ideas to understand the nature of the mind and brain, and giving predictions to gain a new experimental finding in the near future. I will show some topics that could be good targets of 'theoretical physiology' for the mind-brain problem.
２．ホムンクルスをノントリヴィアルな方法で取り戻すこと
Reclaiming Homunculus in a nontrivial way.
- Ken Mogi
Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan
At present, investigating the neural correlates of conscious percept (Crick and Koch 2003) is one of the promising scientific approach to the problem of subjective experience. The neural correlates paradigm is a direct extension of the standard model of neural information representation based on the response selectivity paradigm (Hubel and Wiesel 1962). With the advent of various imaging techniques such as fMRI and MEG, the neural correlate approach is an obvious and useful way of approaching the physical origin of consciousness. Here I argue that in order to come to a full understanding of the neural correlates of conscious percept, we need to "reclaim homunculus" in a nontrivial way. The old idea of a single central area monitoring the neural activities in various areas of the cortex is gone. However, in order to account for the "integrated parallelism" of information processing in the brain, as is evident from observations in active vision (e.g. binocular rivalry) and sensori-motor coordination (e.g. body image, mirror neurons), we do need to come to understand a neural basis of subjectivity in which all information representation in the brain should become relevant.
Citing several neurophysiological evidences from my own laboratory and elsewhere, I put forward several working hypotheses regarding the neural basis of subjectivity. In particular, I discuss how the time parameters relevant in the neural coding of information across the multiple cortical regions are coordinated in a systematic way to give rise to a coherent sense of agency. I also propose several specific experiments to be conducted in order to test the suggested hypotheses.
3．心脳問題は生理学の問題たりうるか
Is the mind-brain problem an issue in physiology?
- Kaoru Takeuchi
Science Writer, Freelance
The seminal paper by Crick and Koch (2003) opened a gate to the bland new realm of research in science. A decade ago, the problem was still called "mind-body" problem and was thought of as a somewhat obsolete topic in philosophy.
I would like to discuss the problem of 'self-awareness.' In particular, I will focus my attention on "network science" and "quantum mechanics" and the possible role they might play in brain science.
First of all, does self-awareness somehow emerge out of classical, i.e. non-quantum, networks? If so, is it limited to biological networks such as human brain, or is it possible for the inorganic networks, Internet for example, to have self-awareness?
I will argue that Alexa, a web search program launched in 1996, had changed the whole landscape of Internet. Before Alexa, the flow of information on the Internet was 'one-way,' due to the original design, i.e. HTML. After Alexa, truly two-way or feedback flow emerged. I will discuss some implications of this (seemingly innocuous) 'add-on.'
Next, does quantum mechanics have anything to do with self-awareness, and with the function of human brain system in general? Extravagant as it may seem, the claim that quantum mechanics is vital when we try to understand the origin of self-awareness, is far from dismissible. (I will cite some examples from the standard text books.)
Finally, and most importantly, I must utter the following question: do all the above argument have anything to do with physiology?
(徳永:2004/4/22)
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